![]() Sometimes, the branch and the gall die after spores are released in early spring. These galls release spores in spring when wet. Two years after infection, the gall has turned black and hard. One year after infection, galls can be seen as a swollen area of the branch with a velvety olive green covering of fungal growth. Galls are made up of both plant and fungal tissue. This unusual growth results in the swollen, woody galls. ![]() The fungus grows within the branch for several months with no outward symptoms of disease.Īs the fungus grows, it releases chemicals that make the tree grow extra plant cells that are unusually large. The wind carries these spores to trees where they infect young green shoots or wounded branches. Spores are released during wet periods in the spring. The black knot fungus overwinters in the galls on branches and trunks. ![]()
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